1
What type of data structure allows direct memory access, enabling efficient indexing of elements?
Explanation
Arrays provide direct memory access, allowing for efficient access to elements via indexing.
2
Which data structure uses dynamic memory allocation to allow for variable size?
Explanation
Linked lists utilize dynamic memory allocation, enabling them to grow and shrink in size as needed.
3
In which data structure does the last element added get removed first?
Explanation
Stacks operate on a Last In, First Out (LIFO) principle, meaning the last element added is the first to be removed.
4
Which data structure follows the First In, First Out (FIFO) principle?
Explanation
Queues operate on a First In, First Out (FIFO) principle, where the first element added is the first to be removed.
5
What is the primary purpose of sorting algorithms like merge sort and quicksort?
Explanation
Sorting algorithms like merge sort and quicksort are designed to rearrange data into a specified order.
6
Which data structure is typically used to represent hierarchical relationships?
Explanation
Trees are commonly used to represent hierarchical relationships due to their branch-like structure.
7
What does Big O notation primarily help analyze in data structures and algorithms?
Explanation
Big O notation is used to analyze the time complexity of algorithms, providing a high-level understanding of their efficiency.
8
What type of data structure is a graph primarily classified as?
Explanation
Graphs are classified as non-linear data structures because they do not follow a sequential order.
9
What is the main advantage of dynamic programming in algorithms?
Explanation
Dynamic programming involves breaking problems into smaller subproblems, making it an efficient approach for solving complex problems.
10
Which of the following is NOT a key concept in data structures and algorithms?
Explanation
Machine learning is not a key concept in data structures and algorithms; it is a separate field focused on predictive models.
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